It is believed that as much as 80% of premature ageing of the skin may occurs within the first 20 years of life. Skin biological starts aging at the age of 14-15. At the age of 28-30 the first signs of ageing appear. There are two different types of aging, Intrinsic ageing caused by genes we inherit, which is actually natural skin ageing The other, caused by environmental factors such as sun exposure, smoking, alcohol, repetitive facial expression and so on, is called Extrinsic ageing and is in reality premature skin ageing.
Intrinsic (chronological) aging accounts for about 10% of all skin aging and is characterised by thinning of the skin, loss of elasticity and a decreased metabolic activity. Extrinsic accounts for the other 90% of skin aging happens as a result of photoaging which causes damage to the skin, resulting in collagen and elastin degeneration, dilatation of the small vascular vessels, deposition of abnormal elastin and collagen, and increased skin pigmentation.
Free radicals are the main culprits commonly implicated in causing skin aging. Oxygen and nitrogen free radicals are produced by smoking, environmental pollution, less than adequate nutrition, pesticides and other chemicals in food and alcohol, and most importantly, from UV radiation exposure upon the skin. When UV radiation interacts with the skin, it produces an excessive amount of free radicals, which destroy collagen, elastin and other proteins in the skin. UV radiation also interacts with the DNA inside skin cells causing further damage by allowing faulty DNA to replicate. In this way, imperfect DNA transcription and defective protein formation is perpetuated. This in turns results in visual and clinical signs including dryness, wrinkles, accentuated skin furrows, sagging, loss of elasticity, and mottled pigmentation, and are the result of degenerative changes in elastin and collagen. The risk of skin cancer is also considerably increased.
There are several factors that contribute to the process of natural skin ageing:
Intrinsic (chronological) aging accounts for about 10% of all skin aging and is characterised by thinning of the skin, loss of elasticity and a decreased metabolic activity. Extrinsic accounts for the other 90% of skin aging happens as a result of photoaging which causes damage to the skin, resulting in collagen and elastin degeneration, dilatation of the small vascular vessels, deposition of abnormal elastin and collagen, and increased skin pigmentation.
Free radicals are the main culprits commonly implicated in causing skin aging. Oxygen and nitrogen free radicals are produced by smoking, environmental pollution, less than adequate nutrition, pesticides and other chemicals in food and alcohol, and most importantly, from UV radiation exposure upon the skin. When UV radiation interacts with the skin, it produces an excessive amount of free radicals, which destroy collagen, elastin and other proteins in the skin. UV radiation also interacts with the DNA inside skin cells causing further damage by allowing faulty DNA to replicate. In this way, imperfect DNA transcription and defective protein formation is perpetuated. This in turns results in visual and clinical signs including dryness, wrinkles, accentuated skin furrows, sagging, loss of elasticity, and mottled pigmentation, and are the result of degenerative changes in elastin and collagen. The risk of skin cancer is also considerably increased.
There are several factors that contribute to the process of natural skin ageing:
- Skin - texture, tone and pigmentation
- Volume – facial fat and contours
- Muscle – dynamic and static wrinkles
- Bone – support and foundation
Skin
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Skin cells form at the bottom of the outer skin layer (epidermis) and move up to the surface, where they die. Dead skin cells are continually shed from the skin’s surface. At some point the cell renewal process slows down and the dead skin cells don’t shed as easily as before. Eventually they form a layer, which slows down the process of skin regeneration. At the same time the process of moisture evaporation speeds up.
The increasing skin dryness triggers the formation of fine lines and wrinkles. By the age of 50 our skin to show sagging and wrinkles form around the eyes and mouth. As we age the outer skin layer becomes thinner, loses underlying fat and moisture and oil production gradually decreases (especially after menopause). At this time your skin type can change from oily or normal to dry. Dark spots, wrinkles, broken capillaries, dryness and other signs of ageing become more noticeable. 
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Volume
As we age collagen and elastin production within the skin slows down. The skin has less spring and loses the ability to snap back into place. Collagen provides skin firmness and strength, while elastin adds flexibility and resilience. As we age the production of those two tissues slows down, the skin loses firmness and wrinkle formation intensifies.
- 20-30 years – fat begins to disappear from under the eyes, dark shadows cause us to look older and tired
- 30-40 years – malar fat pad descent begins, nasolabial lines appear, the result is wrinkles and jowls in the face
- 40-50 years – cheeks begins to flatten, malar fat pad descent becomes more obvious, nasolabial lines deepen, facial fat atrophy or wasting becomes evident with concavity of the surface contour in the temple area and cheeks appearing, in some individuals the eyes become sunken as a result of fat atrophy rather than forming eyelid bags, marionette lines and jowls now appear, double chin appears
- 50-60 years – menopausal effects, fat hangs in saggy skin, nasolabial and marionette lines substantially deepen, jowls, double chin and ‘turkey neck’ appears, excess fat appears under eyes.
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This factor greatly influences the process of facial aging. When facial muscles lose tone, the signs of aging become more apparent. The skin on your face and neck is attached directly to the muscles. As years go by the muscle tone gradually decreases and the entire face starts sagging. As well as losing muscle tone the constant use of facial muscles for facial expression starts to leave deeper impressions on the surface of our faces.
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What can be done to help anti-aging?
Many of the skin aging problems can be prevented or addressed by cosmetic therapies that are now available. Your anti-aging efforts are much more effective if started before changes in your skin’s complexion and texture become noticeable. It’s never too early to start an anti-aging program, and it is also never too late to slow down the signs of aging and even reverse them.
What can be done to help anti-aging?
With technical advances in all areas of science and technology there are continual break throughs concerning both products and techniques available to help with many different areas of anti-aging.
What can be done to help anti-aging?
With technical advances in all areas of science and technology there are continual break throughs concerning both products and techniques available to help with many different areas of anti-aging.
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Sunblock – Sunblock is paramount in the quest of anti-aging, right from as early as possible and through out life. Sunblock should be worn every day of the year for all ages and for all skin types.
Diet and well-being – A healthy diet high in anti-oxidants (to help fight the free radicals), not smoking, limiting alcohol, and drinking plenty of water all help benefit your skin and the aging process greatly. Orally taken supplements – If you feel your diet is lacking in some areas or you are wanting to increase your levels of anti-oxidants, vitamins or minerals, supplements are recommended as beneficial for anti-aging eg: multi vitamin, omega 3 fish oil, vitamin D, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin CoQ10 and many more. Topically applied skin care – There are different levels in quality when it comes to (medical grade) topically applied products. For the highest quality and for the more results driven products, medical grade skin products are recommended. They are both highly concentrated and highly active and so attain higher achieving results. Microdermabrasion – As well as helping with anti-aging microdermabrasion targets a number of skin conditions including pigmentation and acne, it also helps to cleanse and detoxify the skin. Microdermabrasion is a non- invasive process that is based on the principles of exfoliation, the removal of dead skin particles leaving your skin smoother, brighter and firmer. Chemical peel – Fruit extract peels (a.k.a. chemical peels) are a non-(medical grade) invasive, exfoliating treatment that can help with anti- aging, pigmentation, acne, scaring, general skin condition and hydration. This procedure increases cell turnover encouraging new collagen and elastin to be produced which in turn improves skin texture and condition. |
Facial - Through facial detoxifying lymphatic massage, and (medical grade) vitamin infusion therapy using medical grade serums and products to enhance penetration to a cellular level, your skin will be fully hydrated and both feel and look tighter, brighter and more nourished.
Red Light Therapy- The heat and light boosts circulation, bringing more blood and nutrients to the area being treated. As more collagen producing cells called fibroblasts are stimulated the skin will heal where there is damage, if it is already healthy, you will get a plumping effect from the extra collagen created, thus softening and developing a more youthful look. Dermal Rolling – Dermal Rolling can reduce signs of aging (wrinkles), scaring (acne, and general scars) pigmentation and general uneven skin through advanced medical skin needling to give you a tighter, smoother, more even appearance. Botox - Botox works to relax the contraction of muscles by blocking nerve impulses. The result is muscles that can no longer contract, and so the wrinkles relax and soften. It is very popular to eradicate frown lines, forehead lines and crows feet around the eyes. It is also used to lift droopy mouth lines, lift saggy neck skin and can also be used to reshape the face structure. Fillers – Dermal fillers can be used to revolumise areas of the face to non-surgically enhance the shape of the face, or to lift the face. The most popular areas to use fillers include lips, cheeks, tear troughs, chin, nose, brows, nasolabial folds, mouth corners, and wrinkles (static wrinkles). Surgery - Surgery can help with anti-ageing issues. The most popular procedures are under eye, upper eye, brow lift, lower face-lift, full-face lift, neck lift. |
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